R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R i R o R m R o + − battery moves inside outside − +

Figure 1.4 Extracellular Recording. The voltmeter electrodes are now both outside the cell. The battery, representing a change in membrane potential, moves along the model membrane.

zoomable figure Mouse wheel zooms the figure; click and drag pans across it.